新華社北京5月1日(ri)電 中共中央政治(zhi)局4月30日(ri)下(xia)午(wu)就新形勢下(xia)加強我國(guo)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)文明(ming)(ming)建(jian)(jian)設進行第二十九次集體(ti)學習。中共中央總書記習近平在主(zhu)持(chi)學習時(shi)(shi)強調(diao)，生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)保(bao)(bao)(bao)護和(he)經(jing)濟(ji)發(fa)展(zhan)是(shi)辯(bian)證統(tong)一、相輔相成的(de)，建(jian)(jian)設生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)文明(ming)(ming)、推(tui)動(dong)(dong)綠色(se)低碳(tan)循環(huan)(huan)發(fa)展(zhan)，不僅可以(yi)滿足人民日(ri)益增長的(de)優美生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)需要，而(er)且可以(yi)推(tui)動(dong)(dong)實現(xian)更(geng)高質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)、更(geng)有效(xiao)率、更(geng)加公平、更(geng)可持(chi)續、更(geng)為(wei)安全的(de)發(fa)展(zhan)，走(zou)出一條生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)發(fa)展(zhan)、生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)活富裕、生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)良好的(de)文明(ming)(ming)發(fa)展(zhan)道路。“十四五”時(shi)(shi)期(qi)，我國(guo)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)文明(ming)(ming)建(jian)(jian)設進入了以(yi)降碳(tan)為(wei)重點戰略方(fang)向(xiang)、推(tui)動(dong)(dong)減污降碳(tan)協同增效(xiao)、促(cu)進經(jing)濟(ji)社會發(fa)展(zhan)全面綠色(se)轉型、實現(xian)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)改善由(you)量(liang)變到質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)變的(de)關鍵時(shi)(shi)期(qi)。要完整、準確(que)、全面貫徹新發(fa)展(zhan)理念，保(bao)(bao)(bao)持(chi)戰略定力，站在人與自然(ran)(ran)和(he)諧共生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)高度來謀劃經(jing)濟(ji)社會發(fa)展(zhan)，堅持(chi)節約(yue)資源(yuan)和(he)保(bao)(bao)(bao)護環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)的(de)基本國(guo)策，堅持(chi)節約(yue)優先、保(bao)(bao)(bao)護優先、自然(ran)(ran)恢(hui)復為(wei)主(zhu)的(de)方(fang)針，形成節約(yue)資源(yuan)和(he)保(bao)(bao)(bao)護環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)的(de)空間格局、產(chan)業(ye)結構、生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)方(fang)式(shi)、生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)活方(fang)式(shi)，統(tong)籌污染(ran)治(zhi)理、生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)保(bao)(bao)(bao)護、應對(dui)氣(qi)候(hou)變化(hua)，促(cu)進生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)持(chi)續改善，努力建(jian)(jian)設人與自然(ran)(ran)和(he)諧共生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)現(xian)代化(hua)。

生態環境部環境規劃院(yuan)院(yuan)長王金(jin)南同(tong)志(zhi)就這(zhe)個(ge)問題進行講解(jie)，提出了(le)工作建議。中(zhong)央政治局(ju)的同(tong)志(zhi)認真聽取了(le)他的講解(jie)，并進行了(le)討論。

習近平(ping)在主持學習時(shi)發(fa)(fa)(fa)表了講話。他指出(chu)，黨的(de)十(shi)八(ba)大(da)以來，我(wo)們加強(qiang)(qiang)黨對生(sheng)態(tai)文(wen)(wen)明(ming)(ming)建(jian)設的(de)全(quan)(quan)面領導(dao)，把生(sheng)態(tai)文(wen)(wen)明(ming)(ming)建(jian)設擺(bai)在全(quan)(quan)局工(gong)作的(de)突出(chu)位置(zhi)，全(quan)(quan)面加強(qiang)(qiang)生(sheng)態(tai)文(wen)(wen)明(ming)(ming)建(jian)設，一體治理山水(shui)林田湖(hu)草沙(sha)，開展了一系列根(gen)本性、開創性、長(chang)遠性工(gong)作，決心(xin)之(zhi)大(da)、力(li)度之(zhi)大(da)、成效之(zhi)大(da)前所未有(you)，生(sheng)態(tai)文(wen)(wen)明(ming)(ming)建(jian)設從認識到實踐都發(fa)(fa)(fa)生(sheng)了歷史性、轉(zhuan)折性、全(quan)(quan)局性的(de)變化，同時(shi)我(wo)國生(sheng)態(tai)文(wen)(wen)明(ming)(ming)建(jian)設仍然面臨諸多矛盾和挑戰。生(sheng)態(tai)環境修復(fu)和改善，是一個需要付(fu)出(chu)長(chang)期艱苦(ku)努(nu)力(li)的(de)過程，不可能一蹴(cu)而就，必須堅持不懈、奮發(fa)(fa)(fa)有(you)為。

習近平(ping)指(zhi)出，我(wo)國建設社(she)會主(zhu)義現(xian)代(dai)(dai)(dai)化具有許多重(zhong)要(yao)(yao)特征(zheng)，其中(zhong)(zhong)之一(yi)就(jiu)是我(wo)國現(xian)代(dai)(dai)(dai)化是人與自然和(he)(he)(he)諧共(gong)生(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)現(xian)代(dai)(dai)(dai)化，注重(zhong)同步(bu)推(tui)(tui)(tui)進物質文明(ming)(ming)建設和(he)(he)(he)生(sheng)(sheng)態文明(ming)(ming)建設。要(yao)(yao)堅持(chi)不懈推(tui)(tui)(tui)動綠(lv)(lv)色(se)低(di)(di)碳(tan)發展，建立(li)健全(quan)綠(lv)(lv)色(se)低(di)(di)碳(tan)循環發展經(jing)(jing)(jing)濟體系，促進經(jing)(jing)(jing)濟社(she)會發展全(quan)面(mian)綠(lv)(lv)色(se)轉型。要(yao)(yao)把實(shi)現(xian)減污降碳(tan)協同增(zeng)效作為(wei)促進經(jing)(jing)(jing)濟社(she)會發展全(quan)面(mian)綠(lv)(lv)色(se)轉型的(de)(de)(de)總(zong)抓(zhua)(zhua)手，加快推(tui)(tui)(tui)動產業結構、能源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)結構、交通運輸(shu)結構、用(yong)地結構調整(zheng)。要(yao)(yao)強化國土空間規劃和(he)(he)(he)用(yong)途管控(kong)，落實(shi)生(sheng)(sheng)態保護(hu)、基(ji)本農田(tian)、城鎮開發等空間管控(kong)邊界，實(shi)施(shi)主(zhu)體功能區(qu)戰略(lve)，劃定并嚴守生(sheng)(sheng)態保護(hu)紅線。要(yao)(yao)抓(zhua)(zhua)住(zhu)(zhu)資(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)利用(yong)這(zhe)(zhe)個源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)頭，推(tui)(tui)(tui)進資(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)總(zong)量管理、科(ke)學配置、全(quan)面(mian)節(jie)約(yue)、循環利用(yong)，全(quan)面(mian)提(ti)高(gao)資(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)利用(yong)效率。要(yao)(yao)抓(zhua)(zhua)住(zhu)(zhu)產業結構調整(zheng)這(zhe)(zhe)個關鍵，推(tui)(tui)(tui)動戰略(lve)性新(xin)興產業、高(gao)技術產業、現(xian)代(dai)(dai)(dai)服務業加快發展，推(tui)(tui)(tui)動能源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)清潔低(di)(di)碳(tan)安全(quan)高(gao)效利用(yong)，持(chi)續降低(di)(di)碳(tan)排放強度。要(yao)(yao)支(zhi)持(chi)綠(lv)(lv)色(se)低(di)(di)碳(tan)技術創新(xin)成果轉化，支(zhi)持(chi)綠(lv)(lv)色(se)技術創新(xin)。實(shi)現(xian)碳(tan)達峰(feng)、碳(tan)中(zhong)(zhong)和(he)(he)(he)是我(wo)國向世(shi)界作出的(de)(de)(de)莊嚴承諾(nuo)，也是一(yi)場廣泛而深(shen)刻的(de)(de)(de)經(jing)(jing)(jing)濟社(she)會變革，絕不是輕(qing)輕(qing)松松就(jiu)能實(shi)現(xian)的(de)(de)(de)。各(ge)級黨委和(he)(he)(he)政府(fu)要(yao)(yao)拿出抓(zhua)(zhua)鐵有痕、踏石(shi)留印的(de)(de)(de)勁頭，明(ming)(ming)確時間表、路(lu)線圖(tu)、施(shi)工圖(tu)，推(tui)(tui)(tui)動經(jing)(jing)(jing)濟社(she)會發展建立(li)在(zai)資(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)高(gao)效利用(yong)和(he)(he)(he)綠(lv)(lv)色(se)低(di)(di)碳(tan)發展的(de)(de)(de)基(ji)礎之上。不符合要(yao)(yao)求的(de)(de)(de)高(gao)耗能、高(gao)排放項(xiang)目要(yao)(yao)堅決拿下來。

習近平強調，要(yao)(yao)(yao)深入打好(hao)污(wu)(wu)(wu)染(ran)(ran)防(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)攻(gong)堅戰，集中(zhong)攻(gong)克老(lao)百(bai)姓身邊的(de)突出(chu)生(sheng)態環(huan)(huan)境問題，讓(rang)老(lao)百(bai)姓實(shi)實(shi)在(zai)在(zai)感(gan)受到生(sheng)態環(huan)(huan)境質(zhi)量(liang)改善(shan)。要(yao)(yao)(yao)堅持(chi)精(jing)準(zhun)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)污(wu)(wu)(wu)、科學(xue)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)污(wu)(wu)(wu)、依法治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)污(wu)(wu)(wu)，保(bao)持(chi)力度(du)、延(yan)伸深度(du)、拓寬廣度(du)，持(chi)續打好(hao)藍天(tian)、碧水(shui)、凈土保(bao)衛戰。要(yao)(yao)(yao)強化多污(wu)(wu)(wu)染(ran)(ran)物(wu)協同控(kong)(kong)制和(he)(he)(he)區域協同治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)理(li)，加(jia)強細顆粒物(wu)和(he)(he)(he)臭(chou)氧協同控(kong)(kong)制，基本消除重(zhong)污(wu)(wu)(wu)染(ran)(ran)天(tian)氣。要(yao)(yao)(yao)統籌水(shui)資(zi)源(yuan)、水(shui)環(huan)(huan)境、水(shui)生(sheng)態治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)理(li)，有效保(bao)護(hu)居民飲用(yong)水(shui)安全，堅決治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)理(li)城市(shi)黑臭(chou)水(shui)體。要(yao)(yao)(yao)推進土壤污(wu)(wu)(wu)染(ran)(ran)防(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，有效管控(kong)(kong)農(nong)(nong)用(yong)地和(he)(he)(he)建設用(yong)地土壤污(wu)(wu)(wu)染(ran)(ran)風險(xian)。要(yao)(yao)(yao)實(shi)施垃圾(ji)分類和(he)(he)(he)減量(liang)化、資(zi)源(yuan)化，重(zhong)視新污(wu)(wu)(wu)染(ran)(ran)物(wu)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)理(li)。要(yao)(yao)(yao)推動污(wu)(wu)(wu)染(ran)(ran)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)理(li)向鄉鎮、農(nong)(nong)村延(yan)伸，強化農(nong)(nong)業面源(yuan)污(wu)(wu)(wu)染(ran)(ran)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)理(li)，明顯改善(shan)農(nong)(nong)村人(ren)居環(huan)(huan)境。

習近平指出，要(yao)(yao)(yao)提升(sheng)生(sheng)態系(xi)統(tong)(tong)質量和穩定(ding)性，堅持系(xi)統(tong)(tong)觀(guan)念(nian)，從生(sheng)態系(xi)統(tong)(tong)整(zheng)體(ti)性出發，推(tui)進(jin)山水(shui)林田湖草(cao)沙一(yi)體(ti)化(hua)保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)和修(xiu)(xiu)復(fu)，更加注重綜合(he)治(zhi)理(li)、系(xi)統(tong)(tong)治(zhi)理(li)、源頭治(zhi)理(li)。要(yao)(yao)(yao)加快構建(jian)以國家公(gong)(gong)園為(wei)主體(ti)的自然(ran)保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)地體(ti)系(xi)，完善自然(ran)保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)地、生(sheng)態保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)紅線監管制度。要(yao)(yao)(yao)建(jian)立健全生(sheng)態產(chan)品價值實(shi)現機制，讓保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)修(xiu)(xiu)復(fu)生(sheng)態環境(jing)獲得合(he)理(li)回報，讓破壞生(sheng)態環境(jing)付出相應(ying)代價。要(yao)(yao)(yao)科學推(tui)進(jin)荒漠化(hua)、石(shi)漠化(hua)、水(shui)土流失(shi)綜合(he)治(zhi)理(li)，開展(zhan)大(da)規(gui)模國土綠(lv)化(hua)行動。要(yao)(yao)(yao)推(tui)行草(cao)原森林河流湖泊(bo)休養生(sheng)息，實(shi)施好長(chang)江十年禁漁，健全耕地休耕輪作制度。要(yao)(yao)(yao)實(shi)施生(sheng)物多樣(yang)性保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)重大(da)工程(cheng)，強化(hua)外(wai)來物種管控，舉辦好《生(sheng)物多樣(yang)性公(gong)(gong)約》第十五次締約方(fang)大(da)會。

習近平強(qiang)調，要積(ji)極(ji)推動全(quan)球可持續發(fa)展，秉持人類命運共同(tong)體理(li)念，積(ji)極(ji)參與(yu)全(quan)球環境治理(li)，為(wei)全(quan)球提(ti)供(gong)更多(duo)公共產品(pin)，展現我國負(fu)責(ze)任(ren)大(da)國形象。要加強(qiang)南南合作(zuo)以及同(tong)周邊國家的合作(zuo)，為(wei)發(fa)展中國家提(ti)供(gong)力所能及的資金(jin)、技術支持，幫助(zhu)提(ti)高(gao)環境治理(li)能力，共同(tong)打造(zao)綠色“一(yi)(yi)帶一(yi)(yi)路(lu)”。要堅持共同(tong)但有區別的責(ze)任(ren)原(yuan)則、公平原(yuan)則和各自能力原(yuan)則，堅定維(wei)護多(duo)邊主義，堅決(jue)維(wei)護我國發(fa)展利益。

習近平(ping)指出，要(yao)提高生(sheng)態(tai)(tai)環(huan)境治理(li)體(ti)系和治理(li)能(neng)力現代化水平(ping)，健全(quan)黨(dang)委(wei)領導(dao)(dao)、政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)府主(zhu)導(dao)(dao)、企業(ye)主(zhu)體(ti)、社會組織和公眾共(gong)同參(can)與的(de)環(huan)境治理(li)體(ti)系，構建(jian)(jian)(jian)一(yi)(yi)體(ti)謀劃(hua)、一(yi)(yi)體(ti)部(bu)署(shu)、一(yi)(yi)體(ti)推(tui)(tui)進、一(yi)(yi)體(ti)考核的(de)制(zhi)度機(ji)制(zhi)。要(yao)深入(ru)(ru)推(tui)(tui)進生(sheng)態(tai)(tai)文(wen)明體(ti)制(zhi)改革(ge)，強(qiang)化綠色(se)發展法律和政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)策(ce)保(bao)障。要(yao)完善環(huan)境保(bao)護(hu)、節能(neng)減排(pai)(pai)約(yue)(yue)束性指標(biao)管理(li)，建(jian)(jian)(jian)立(li)健全(quan)穩定的(de)財政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)資金投入(ru)(ru)機(ji)制(zhi)。要(yao)全(quan)面實行排(pai)(pai)污許可制(zhi)，推(tui)(tui)進排(pai)(pai)污權(quan)、用能(neng)權(quan)、用水權(quan)、碳排(pai)(pai)放權(quan)市場化交易，建(jian)(jian)(jian)立(li)健全(quan)風(feng)險管控機(ji)制(zhi)。要(yao)增強(qiang)全(quan)民節約(yue)(yue)意(yi)識、環(huan)保(bao)意(yi)識、生(sheng)態(tai)(tai)意(yi)識，倡導(dao)(dao)簡約(yue)(yue)適度、綠色(se)低碳的(de)生(sheng)活方式，把建(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)美麗中國(guo)轉化為全(quan)體(ti)人民自覺行動。各級黨(dang)委(wei)和政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)府要(yao)擔負起生(sheng)態(tai)(tai)文(wen)明建(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)的(de)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)治責任，堅決(jue)做到令(ling)行禁止，確保(bao)黨(dang)中央關于生(sheng)態(tai)(tai)文(wen)明建(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)各項決(jue)策(ce)部(bu)署(shu)落地見效。